P

Pallet
Wooden platforms, not highly above the ground, which allow us to keep cement in an adequate way and transport it by a forklift truck.

Pattern, jig
Thin layer of concrete on which foundation is built.

Penetration test
Test performed by pressing an sphere with a constant load against surface of hardened concrete. The diameter of the result is used as measure of the penetration magnitude and indicates concrete strength.

Percolate /Precast
Action to pour freshly-placed concrete in arch centering or mold.

Physical adhesion
Adherence between two materials, which depends on the irregular topography of surfaces or their rugosity.

Plastered
Rough cover for walls. It can be the first layer of a smoothen surface, applied with more strength to assure that is adhered to the wall.

Plasticity
Property of cement past, concrete or mortar, recently mixed. This property determines its easiness to be molded.

Plumb
That must be vertical, which is usually verified by a plumb bob.

Plumb bob, plummet
Metallic piece attached to a string, used to verify uprightness of walls.

Portland cement
Hydraulic cement produced with Portland clinker and natural gypsum. Traded in five different types.

Pozzolan
Natural or artificial amorphous, siliceous material, capable to react with lime produced by cement during hydration to improve concrete properties. The most popular pozzolan is the pomice stone.

Pozzolanic cement
Type of Portland cement, resulting from adding and intergrinding an active material (Pozzolan). It is used to increase delayed mechanical strength, and strength to chemical attacks.

Propped up
Vertical support.

Pumped concrete
Concrete transported through a hose or tube by a pump.