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It is a chemical product dosed in low proportion in concrete, to modify some of its properties and to adapt it for the purpose to which it is intended.
Gravel and Sand extracted from the quarries, used to give ready-mix concrete the necessary volume and increase its strength. Under normal circumstances, a cubic meter of fresh concrete includes two tons of gravel and sand.
Reaction between Portland cement alkalis (sodium and potassium) and certain siliceous or carbonated stones. Products resulting from reaction may be the cause of an abnormal expansion and disintegration of concrete.
Temporary mold for freshly-placed concrete, which is taken away once the concrete has enough strength. The cost of the arch centering may be up to 60% of concrete cost.
Wooden frame used as mold to cast concrete.
That must be horizontal
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